From 1967, Israel included everything from the Jordan to the Mediterranean, plus the Sinai, plus part of Syria and Lebanon. The USSR were on the side of the Arabs. The US were on the side of Israel. The USSR secretly provided Egypt with anti-aircraft batteries and Syria gave the USSR Mediterranean Naval Bases.
On Yom Kippur in the Christian year 1973, during Ramadan, Sadat, the president of Egypt, ordered the Egyptian army to break their Ramadan fast early and attack Israel. This was totally unexpected by Israel who figured the Arabs were all fasting for Ramadan and were not allowed to engage in war, and Israelis were observing Yom Kippur, a time when the Israeli military are not ready to fight.
Israel sent their warplanes, expecting to quickly destroy the Egyptians as they had in 1967. Some of their air force were shot down, the rest fled back to Israel. Egypt got back the Sinai, Syria got back the Golan Heights.
But Sadat was leading the Egyptian Army and left the anti-aircraft battery unprotected. An Israeli force managed to capture and destroy the anti-aircraft battery, Israel again had full dominance of the air, and quickly recaptured the Sinai, the Golan Heights, and was moving toward Damascus and Cairo. The USSR looked like they were going to intervene, but Nixon was in a bad crisis, hiding in his office, and Kissinger was running the US government. Kissinger put the US on DEFCON 1: ready for nuclear war. The USSR backed down. Israel again had everything from the Jordan River to the Mediterranean Sea plus the Egyptian Sinai plus the Syrian Golan Heights.
Eventually, Egypt and Jordan signed peace treaties with Israel and got US aid. Egypt reduced ties with the USSR and the US saw to it that Israel returned the Sinai Peninsula. So someone shot Sadat.
Now Israel have absolute control over everything from the Jordan River to the Mediterranean Sea, under the total protection of the US, and that is also backed by NATO nations: Germany has made it illegal to wave the Palestinian flag and arrested people for so doing. All US and NATO and EU news channels strongly support Israel.
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